即将用到爬虫，于是打算收集一下User Agent(UA)数据。接着马上想到自己网站的访问日志不就是现成的优质数据源吗？于是愉快的决定写个脚本统计一下Nginx访问日志中的UA信息。

这类简单操作，用脚本语言就足够，毫无疑问肯定要用最熟悉的PHP。打开vim就开撸，十几分钟下来，功能简单的统计脚本就搞定了。

脚本目前有三个功能：1. 找出所有的UA信息并排序； 2. 统计操作系统数据； 3. 统计浏览器数据。程序运行截图如下：

1. UA信息
2. 操作系统信息
3. 浏览器

用脚本统计最近一个月的访问日志，得到以下结果：

1. 搜索引擎爬虫比较频繁，每天有好几千次数据访问；
2. Windows仍是份额最大的操作系统，Linux桌面依然份额很小；
3. Chrome目前是浏览器领域的霸主，其次是Firefox，Opera已经很小众了。

最后附上PHP脚本的代码，也可以从本人的Github里找到：https://github.com/qiquanji/Scripts/blob/master/statUA.php

#!/usr/bin/php <?php /**  * @brief stat UA in access log  *  * @author qiquanji<qiquanji@hotmail.com>  * @link http://qiquanji.com  */ /* vim: set ts=4; set sw=4; set ss=4; set expandtab; */ function getFileList(string $path) : array {     return glob(rtrim($path, "/") . "/*access.log*"); } function statFiles(array $files) : array {     $stat = [];     echo PHP_EOL, "start to read files...", PHP_EOL;     foreach ($files as $file) {         echo "read file: $file ...", PHP_EOL;         $contents = getFileContent($file);         foreach ($contents as $line) {             $ua = getUA($line);             if (isset($stat[$ua])) {                 $stat[$ua] += 1;             } else {                 $stat[$ua] = 1;             }         }     }     echo "stat all files done!", PHP_EOL, PHP_EOL;     return $stat; } function getFileContent(string $file) : array {     if (substr($file, -3, 3) === ".gz") {         return gzfile($file);     }     return file($file); } function getUA(string $line) : ?string {     // important! Nginx log format determins the UA location in the line!     // You may have to refactor following codes to get the right result     // UA starts from fifth double quote      $count = 0;  $offset = 0;     while ($count < 5) {         $pos = strpos($line, '"', $offset);         if ($pos === false) {             echo "Error! Unknown line: $line", PHP_EOL;             return null;         }         $count ++;         $offset = $pos + 1;     }     $end = strpos($line, '"', $offset);     return substr($line, $offset, $end - $offset); } function usage() {     echo "Usage: php statUA.php [option] [dir]", PHP_EOL;     echo "  options:", PHP_EOL;     echo "    -h: show this help", PHP_EOL;     echo "    -v: verbose mode", PHP_EOL;     echo "-n NUM: UA list number", PHP_EOL;     echo "   dir: directory to the log files", PHP_EOL;     echo PHP_EOL; } function filterUA(array& $stat, array $UAFilters) {     $filterCount = 0;     foreach ($UAFilters as $filter) {         foreach ($stat as $ua => $count) {             if (stripos($ua, $filter) !== false) {                 $filterCount += $count;                 unset($stat[$ua]);             }         }     }     echo "filter $filterCount records!", PHP_EOL; } function printCount(array $stat) {     $sum = array_sum($stat);     foreach ($stat as $key => $count) {         echo $key, " : ", $count, ", percent: ", sprintf("%.2f", 100*$count/$sum), PHP_EOL;     } } function statOS(array $UAs) : array {     global $debug;     echo PHP_EOL, "stat OS...", PHP_EOL;     $os = ["Windows", "MacOS", "Linux", "Android", "iOS", "other"];     $stat = array_fill_keys($os, 0);     foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) {         if (strpos($key, "Windows") !== false) {             $stat["Windows"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "Macintosh") !== false) {             $stat["MacOS"] += $count;         // must deal Android first, then Linux         } else if (strpos($key, "Android") !== false) {             $stat["Android"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "Linux") !== false) {             $stat["Linux"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "iPhone") !== false || strpos($key, "iOS") !== false || strpos($key, "like Mac OS") !== false || strpos($key, "Darwin") !== false) {             $stat["iOS"] += $count;         } else {             if ($debug) {                 echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL;             }             $stat["other"] += $count;         }     }     return $stat; } function statBrowser(array $UAs) : array {     global $debug;     echo PHP_EOL, "stat brwoser...", PHP_EOL;     $browsers = ["Chrome", "Firefox", "IE", "Safari", "Edge", "Opera", "other"];     $stat = array_fill_keys($browsers, 0);     foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) {         if (strpos($key, "MSIE") !== false) {             $stat["IE"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "Edge") !== false) {             $stat["Edge"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "Firefox") !== false) {             $stat["Firefox"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "OPR") !== false) {             $stat["Opera"] += $count;         // first Chrome, then Safari         } else if (strpos($key, "Chrome") !== false) {             $stat["Chrome"] += $count;         } else if (strpos($key, "Safari") !== false) {             $stat["Safari"] += $count;         } else {             if ($debug) {                 echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL;             }             $stat["other"] += $count;         }     }     return $stat; } function parseCmd() {     global $debug, $num, $path, $argc, $argv;     $optind = null;     $options = getopt("hvn:", [], $optind);     if ($argc > 2 && empty($options)) {         usage();         exit(1);     }     if (isset($options['h'])) {         usage();         exit(0);     }     if (isset($options['v'])) {         $debug = true;     }     if (isset($options['n'])) {         $num = intval($options['n']);         if ($num <= 0) {             $num = 10;         }     }     if ($argc === 2 && empty($options)) {         $path = $argv[1];     }     if ($argc > $optind) {         $path = $argv[$optind];     }     if (!is_dir($path)) {         echo "invalid directory: $path", PHP_EOL;         exit(1);     }     if ($debug) {         echo "num: $num", PHP_EOL;         echo "verbose: ", var_export($debug, true), PHP_EOL;         echo "path: $path", PHP_EOL;     } } if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, "7.1") < 0) {     exit("scripts require PHP >=7.1"); } $path = "."; $debug = false; $num = 10; $UAFilters = [     "spider",     "bot",     "wget",     "curl", ]; parseCmd(); $files = getFileList($path); if (empty($files)) {     echo '"' . realpath($path) . '" does not contain access log files.', PHP_EOL;     exit(0); } $allUA = statFiles($files); if (empty($allUA)) {     echo "no data", PHP_EOL;     exit(0); } filterUA($allUA, $UAFilters); // sort array with count uasort($allUA, function ($a, $b) {     return $b - $a; }); if ($debug) {     print_r($allUA); } echo PHP_EOL, "---- top $num UA ----", PHP_EOL; printCount(array_slice($allUA, 0, $num)); echo "-------------------", PHP_EOL; $os = statOS($allUA); echo PHP_EOL, "os count:", PHP_EOL; printCount($os); $browser = statBrowser($allUA); echo PHP_EOL, "browser count:", PHP_EOL; printCount($browser); 

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